Alpine Celtic Stela of Vira Gambarogno (350 BCE)

Stela of Vira Gambarogno horizontal view. Image from Lexicon Leponticum number TI·26. Letter assignments added by Olmsted.

Stela of Vira Gambarogno

(Jan 29, 2023) This was found in 1917 near Ticino, Switzerland. It is a gneiss stela measuring 105 cm × 43 cm × 5 cm. The date is based on the letter style showing a small double pronged "K."

The Po river valley came under the control of a Celtic tribe known  by the Romans as the "Insubres" around 600 BCE.  They sacked Rome in 390 BCE. Yet they were conquered by Rome in the battle of Clastidium (modern Casteggio) in 222 BCE but gained a brief period of freedom when Carthaginian general Hannibal invaded Italy in the Second Punic War (218–201 bc). The Insubres were finally subdued by Rome in 196 BCE and gradually lost their identity in the rise of municipal communities. They were granted Latin rights in 89 BCE and full Roman citizenship 40 years later.

Translation in Akkadian (Celtic Text 4)

(read right to left. Capital letters on object. Small letters are inferred Inner vowels)Mix of Etruscan and Aegean Island
  1. Ša   E  D'u  Mu  Gi  Ya  :
  2. Ku  Gi  A  LG   Bu

In English

  1. Correspondences are not bringing divine-powers.  Fertility-fluids are not being energized :
  2. Due to that energy, vibrations should be nourished

References

Lexicon Leponticum number TI·26.  Online at: https://lexlep.univie.ac.at/wiki/TI%C2%B726


Translation Resources Used

All texts translated to the scholar's standard.

Lexicon Used

Olmsted, D.D (January 1, 2022) Mediterranean Akkadian Lexicon 3rd Edition – 2022. DOI Permanent URL:   http://dx.doi.org/10.17613/nbb6-wg16. Online at: https://www.academia.edu/66851810/Mediterranean_Akkadian_Lexicon_3rd_Edition_2022

Letter Charts Used

Central Mediterranean Iron Age Letters