Etruscan Skadi Pottery (550-450 BCE)

Krater with Etruscan text showing demon Skadi on far right threatening a couple with an angry snake.
Krater showing demon Skadi on far right threatening a couple with an angry snake. Some Etruscan graffiti was scratched above the snake  and on either side of the “V” on the opposite side. The couple is that of the life goddess Ayu identified by her snake skin hat and a god (probably a life god) identified by his tiara. Together they represent the coherence of motion powers with life powers with that coherence being threatened by the demons. This krater found in 1844 at the Etruscan port city of Vulci. (Photo: French National Library Number: De Ridder.918)

Etruscan 1844 Skadi Krater from Vulci, Italy Illustrates an Attack on the Coherence of Life and Motion Powers

(Sept. 21, 2022) The krater on the left shows the demon Skadi on far right threatening a dancing couple representing the coherence of life and motion powers with an angry snake. To the right of the couple is another demon with an axe ready to cut links out of the life network. 

Some graffiti was scratched above the snake  and on either side of the “V” on the opposite side. The dancing couple are the life goddess Ayu identified by her snake skin hat and some god identified by his tiara.

Right Text Above Snake

  1. Constant anger is not from omens

Left Text

  1. (leftmost) The sky-shell lacks openings. Expectations will not bring the flow (of fertility fluids) : Revelations (of life forms) are nourished by that : Ayu makes stormy the life-powers : Su does not bring lack. The divine-state requires nourishing life-powers. 
  2.  Motion-powers deplete the fabric (network represented by goddess Ayu)

This text is blaming the motion powers for a drought and blaming emotion magic rituals for not being an effective cure. "Expectations" are generated by emotion magic rituals and these rituals were being done to push the fertility fluids through the life network represented by the goddess Ayu. The astrological motion powers represented by the full moon god Su are not being blamed. The cure for the drought is from supporting the life powers of the Ancient Pagan Paradigm.

Etruscan Snake Text (Med Text 21.1)

Translation in Akkadian

(read right to left. Capital letters on pot. Inner vowels inferred)
  1. AGu GiNu ITtu E

In English

  1. Constant anger is not from omens

Etruscan Text Between Demon and Dancing Couple (Med Text 21.2, 21.3)

Translation in Akkadian 

(read right to left. Capital letters on pot. Inner vowels inferred)
  1. EBu Pu Lu. AQu ZiBu E : Nu A Bu : AYu Du UMu : Su Lu E. Di'u Du Bu E (Med Text 21.3)
  2. AWu BuZu KaTu. (Med Text 21.2)

In English

  1. (leftmost) The sky-shell lacks openings. Expectations will not bring the flow (of fertility fluids) : Revelations (of life forms) are nourished by that :  Ayu makes stormy the life-powers : Su does not bring lack. The divine-state requires nourishing life-powers. 
  2. (bottom or right) Motion-powers deplete the fabric (network represented by goddess Ayu)
Side 1 of another krater from Vulci found in 1833 showing demon Skadi in the left center, without wings, acting innocent towards a lady. The text states he has treachery on his mind. (Photo: French National Library Number: De Ridder.920)

Front Side of 1833 Skadi Krater from Vulci  Illustrates Treachery Against Coherence of Life and Motion Powers

(Feb 9, 2023) Front side of this krater shows a scene illustrating treachery with the demon Skadi in the middle. 

Right Text (Med 22.1)

Translation in Akkadian 

(read right to left. Capital letters on pot. Inner vowels inferred)
  1. Gi Emu. Azu Lalu A

In English

  1. Energy is supervising. The association is guaranteeing that.

Left Text in Front of Skadi (Med 22.2)

Translation in Akkadian 

(read right to left. Capital letters on pot. Inner vowels inferred)
  1. SaRu Ne'u YAu (Med 22.2.1)
  2. Iku DaMu Ku (Med 22.2.2)
  3. Bu A Zu (Med 22.2.3)

In English

  1. The Impulsive-one (Skadi) is affecting Yahu (YA)
  2. The irrigated-field (life network) is involved with blood
  3. These nourishments (blood) are being emitted  

Back Side of 1833 Skadi Krater from Vulci  Illustrates the Development of Modern Left to Right Writing From Names

(Feb 9, 2023) This scene shows Skadi standing over an execution.

Translation in Akkadian (Med 22.3)

(read right to left. Capital letters on pot. Inner vowels inferred) 
  1. (right) Ša  ADi  Y (Med 22.3.1)
  2. (left) Zu  APu  Y  A (Med 22.3.2)

In English as Sentences

  1. Similar-one is not observing
  2. Emissions are not veiling this

Characteristics of these Names When Viewed as Spirit Beings

(name letters are read left to right)
  1. ŠADI - Impulsive, Non-observant (Impulsive-one)
  2. AIPAZ - Naked violence

Previous to now, Skadi was only known from Old Norse texts as skaði.

Stahl's Ear 1

Formally this was a fairly common occurrence which is now corrected in infancy. How it became associated with impulsiveness on Skadi is not known.https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/stahl-s-ear

Stahl's Ear 2

Formally this was a fairly common occurrence which is now corrected in infancy. How it became associated with impulsiveness with Skadi is not known.https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/stahl-s-ear
Ancient Letters from Central Mediterranean

Translation Resources Used

Translation done according to the Scholar's Standard.

Lexicon Used

Olmsted, D.D (January 1, 2022) Mediterranean Akkadian Lexicon 3rd Edition – 2022. DOI Permanent URL:   http://dx.doi.org/10.17613/nbb6-wg16. Online at: https://www.academia.edu/66851810/Mediterranean_Akkadian_Lexicon_3rd_Edition_2022

Letter Charts Used

Central Mediterranean Iron Age Letters

Previous Paper

Olmsted, D.D. (February 24, 2022) Introducing Demons - Reinterpretation of Images on Etruscan Tombs and Pottery Forced by Their Alphabetic Akkadian Translations (500-400 BCE). Permanent URL: https://doi.org/10.17613/37bv-pz19. Online at: https://www.academia.edu/72457646/Introducing_Demons_Reinterpretation_of_Images_on_Etruscan_Tombs_and_Pottery_Forced_by_Their_Alphabetic_Akkadian_Translations_500_400_BCE