Jerusalem Temple Texts 730-587 BCE

These sealings were placed on pots or packages bound with twine containing ritual supplies created at the Jerusalem temple. Some of these supplies were sent out to local households and this opportunity was taken to turn the sealings into a sort of religious news service. Because these still mention Druid deities other than Yahu these seals were made before the elimination of all other temples outside Jerusalem and and the suppression of their related Pagan practices by King Josiah who was king of Judah between 640 and 609 BCE. The actual stone seals seem to have been taken from the Jerusalem temple itself and dumped into a trash pile outside the city.

This seal was found below the Giv’ati parking lot located on the western slope of Jerusalem.
This seal was found below the Giv’ati parking lot located on the western slope of Jerusalem. Its discovery was reported by the Israel Antiquities Authority on March, 2016. Letter assignments by Olmsted.
The image is of a rope connecting the 3 life levels (Alu, Hu, Yahu) of the Ancient Pagan Paradigm of which Yahu is the end power. The lower circle seems to represent the full moon god Su.

Against the Astrological Powers (630 BCE)

(Feb 24, 2023) Hebron pot style letters

Translation in Akkadian (Levant Text 21)

(Read left to right because this is a seal and not a sealing (mirror image). Capital letters on seal. Small letters are inferred Inner vowels. Verb is italic bold)
  1. Le'u  Lu  YaHu  Nu  E   (Levant Text 21.1)
  2. Zu  Su  Gu  TaLu (Levant Text 21.2)

In English. 

  1. Astrological powers without Yahu do not bring revelations (of life forms)
  2. Emanations from Su (full moon god) are energizing the Mounded-One (Ayu)

Attempted Hebrew Translation

The discovery report claims this text should be translated as: 

  • To Elihana daughter of Gael 

The letters for this translation in Hebrew would be (left to right):

  1. L    'LYENE
  2. B T     G T L   

Our differing letter assignments are in red. Names are not a translation because any group of letters can be clustered to form a name.

References

A Strong Woman – the First Temple Period Version (2016) Report online at: http://www.antiquities.org.il/Article_eng.aspx?sec_id=25&subj_id=240&id=4186
This seal was found below the Giv’ati parking lot located on the western slope of Jerusalem.
This seal was found below the Giv’ati parking lot located on the western slope of Jerusalem. Its discovery was reported by the Israel Antiquities Authority on March, 2016. Letter assignments by Olmsted.
Photo showing just how small this Giv’ati parking lot seal is.
Photo showing just how small this Giv’ati parking lot seal is. This could either have been place on a ring and used as a seal or it could have been an inlay on a ritual tool.

Distant-Powers Nourishing Yahu (630 BCE)

(Feb 25, 2023) Hebron pot style letters

Translation in Akkadian (Levant Text 22)

(Read left to right because this is a seal and not a sealing (mirror image). Capital letters on seal. Small letters are inferred Inner vowels. Verb is italic bold)
  1. Lu  Še’u  Ru  YaHu  SaBu (Levant Text 22.1)
  2. NeSu  Bu  Nu  YaHu  Su (Levant Text 22.2)

In English. 

  1. Absence of drunkenness in eagle-vultures provide-drink for YaHu
  2. Distant-Ones are nourishing the revelations of motion-sourced Yahu

Attempted Hebrew Translation

The discovery report (Strong Woman, 2016) claims this seal has the Hebrew name:

  • "Sa‘aryahu ben Shabenyahu"

From the letters (right to left):

  1. B  SEYR'ŠL
  2. SEYNBŠN

This is a failed translation because:

  1. Text read in wrong direction (opposite that of proposed for Levant text 21 found in the same place.
  2. The top line's letter do not even match the name
  3. Names are not a translation because they can cluster any arbitrary group of letters

References

A Strong Woman – the First Temple Period Version (2016) Report online at: http://www.antiquities.org.il/Article_eng.aspx?sec_id=25&subj_id=240&id=4186

Jerusalem Temple Sealing 700-587 BCE
Found in Jerusalem and dating to first temple period. It is important because it is properly provenanced. Image shows a couple laying down together. Online report at: https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/2018-01-01/ty-article-magazine/governor-of-jerusalems-sealing-from-first-temple-era-found-near-western-wall/0000017f-f67c-d887-a7ff-fefc01590000

Lack of Openings Noticed By the Dawn (730-630 BCE)

(Feb 22, 2023) This sealing was found in Jerusalem under the Western Wall plaza in the context of a First Temple period building. 

Translation in Akkadian (Levant Text 15)

(Read right to left. Capital letters on sealing. Small letters are inferred Inner vowels. Verb is italic bold)
  1. Lu  Pu  URu  'Du    (Levant Text 15.1)

In English. 

  1. The lack of openings is noticed by the dawn 

Previous Hebrew Translation Attempt

As reported at archaeology.org, Hebrew scholars think this text says (Our letter assignment differences in red): 

Hebrew

  • L  SR  'R 

In English

  • belonging to the governor of the city

This letter assignment allowed them to think it is similar enough to the Hebrew words "le  sar  ha'ir."  This is a failed translation because it requires a letter be added to the text which does not exist.

This sealing was found in the Giv’ati parking lot excavation in Jerusalem. It has been stained with smoke indicating it was in a fire, most likely from the siege and destruction of Jerusalem in 586 BCE by the Babylonians.
This sealing was found in the Giv’ati parking lot excavation in Jerusalem. It has been stained with smoke indicating it was in a fire, most likely from the siege and destruction of Jerusalem in 586 BCE by the Babylonians.
Under the reign of King Nebuchadnezzar II, the Babylonian Empire spread throughout the Middle East. Around 607 BCE King Jehoiakim of Judah became a vassal to Nebuchadnezzar (2 Kings 24:1). After three years of serving Nebuchadnezzar, Jehoiakim of Judah rebelled and once again turned to Egypt for support. After sending his army to deal with Judah’s revolt, Nebuchadnezzar himself left Babylon in 598 BCE to command the army. Arriving in Jerusalem around March of 597 B.C., Nebuchadnezzar laid siege to Jerusalem and after taking control of the surrounding countryside Jerusalem surrendered.  Nebuchadnezzar exiled all the leading people back to other lands leaving only the poorest people behind (2 Kings 24:8-16).
At that time Nebuchadnezzar appointed King Zedekiah to rule as his vassal but after nine years Zedekiah led Judah in rebellion against Babylon one final time (2 Kings 24–25). Influenced by false prophets and ignoring Jeremiah’s warnings, Zedekiah decided to join a coalition that was being formed by Edom, Moab, Ammon and Phoenicia in rebellion against Nebuchadnezzar (Jeremiah 27:1-3). This resulted in Nebuchadnezzar again laying siege to Jerusalem. Jerusalem fell in July 587 or 586 BC.  King Zedekiah was taken captive to Babylon after seeing his sons killed before him and then having his eyes plucked out (2 Kings 25). At this time Jerusalem was laid to waste, the temple destroyed, and all the houses burned. The majority of the Jewish people were taken captive, but again, Nebuchadnezzar left a remnant of poor people to serve as farmers and vinedressers (2 Kings 25:12).

Starvation in Jerusalem in 587 BCE

(Feb 26, 2023)  

Translation in Akkadian (Levant Text 26)

(Read right to left. Capital letters on sealing. Small letters are inferred Inner vowels. Verb is italic bold)
  1. Lu  Nu  TeNu  KaSu  Šu (Levant Text 26.1)
  2. ABu  Ru  EKu  LaŠu (Levant Text 26.2)

In English. 

  1.  Lack of revelations (of life forms) are being replaced by the usual clingers (price gougers)
  2.  The life-priest's eagle-vultures influence the starvation 

Previous Hebrew Translation Attempt

The discovery report claims the letters are (letter differences in red):

  1. L  NTN  MLK 
  2. 'VD  H  MLK

Which translates into English as:

  1. belong to Nathan-Melech, 
  2. servant of the king

This is a failed translation due to the following:

  1. Incorrect and inconsistent letter assignments
  2. MLK is translated inconsistently both as 'king" and as a name.
  3. Names are not a translation because they can be any cluster of letters

References

Borschel-Dan, Amanda (2019) Tiny First Temple find could be first proof of aide to biblical King Josiah.
Times of Israel , March 31. Online at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/two-tiny-first-temple-inscriptions-vastly-enlarge-picture-of-ancient-jerusalem/ 
Bluish seal was found in the Giv’ati parking lot excavation in Jerusalem.
This seal was found in the Giv’ati parking lot excavation in Jerusalem. 

Hekate is promoting Hostility by Blocking Life Powers

(Feb 26, 2023)  

Translation in Akkadian (Levant Text 27)

(Read left to right because mirror image of its sealing. Capital letters on seal. Small letters are inferred Inner vowels. Verb is italic bold)
  1. Lu  TuŠu  GaBu  Nu (Levant Text 27.1)
  2. KaTe  Nu  Ya  Esu   (Levant Text 27.2)

In English. 

  1.  Lack of hostility reveals the cistern (life source waters of Alu)
  2.  Kate (Hekate) is not revealing the percolation

Previous Hebrew Translation Attempt

The discovery report claims the letters are (letter differences in red):

  1. LTAR  BN  
  2. MTHYHS  

Which makes the name:

  1. "Ikkar Ben 
  2. Matanyahu" 

This is a failed translation due to the following:

  1. Incorrect letter assignments
  2. The last letter "S" is left out of the English translation
  3. Names are not a translation because they can be any cluster of letters 

References


Borschel-Dan, Amanda (2019) Tiny First Temple find could be first proof of aide to biblical King Josiah.
Times of Israel , March 31. Online at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/two-tiny-first-temple-inscriptions-vastly-enlarge-picture-of-ancient-jerusalem/
Jerusalem Temple Sealing 700-587 BCE
This temple produce sealing, 1 cm in diameter, was found in a 2015 archeological dig at the foot of the southern wall of the Temple Mount. This dig was conducted by the Hebrew University of Jerusalem's Institute of Archaeology under the direction of Dr. Eilat Mazar.  The token was discovered in a refuse dump dated to the time of King Hezekiah (727-698 BCE) or shortly afterwards.  It's rear side shows marks of coarse fabric and thick cords indicating that this token was used as a sealing.

Purity Not Affecting the Life Network of Sun God Hu (730-630 BCE)

(Feb 22, 2023) The image shows an Egyptian Ankh sign representing life  with a winged sun disk representing the sun god Hu

Translation in Akkadian (Levant Text 17)

(Read right to left. Capital letters on sealing. Small letters are inferred Inner vowels. Verb is italic bold)
  1. Lu  Ḫu  Ḫ[N]  Ya  ESu Tu   (Levant Text 17.1)
  2. ZaKu  LaŠu  Ya  Hu (Levant Text 17.2)

In English. 

  1. Lack of Hu is not [from intimidating] magical percolation
  2. Purity is not influencing Hu

Previous Hebrew Translation Attempt

Some Hebrew language scholars claim the text reads as follows: 


    L HZQYH  SG belonging to Hezekiah son of    Z  MLŠ  YHR Ahaz king  of Judah 

This is a failed and fraudulent translation for the following reasons: 

  1. "son" in Hebrew is BN not SG
  2. "Ahaz" is not just a Z
  3. "king" in Hebrew is MLK not MLŠ
  4. "Judah" is not YHR 

Also Hezekiah or Hizkiah is spelled in four slightly different ways in the Hebrew scripture (http://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Hezekiah.html) 

  1. חזקי הו (ḪZKYHU)(Hezekiahu)
  2. יחזקיהו (YZKYHU) (Yehezekiahu)
  3. חזקיה (ḪZKYH) (Ḫezekiah)
  4. יחזקיה (YZKYHU) (Yehezekiah)

None of these match this text's word assignment for Hezekiah.

References

Online report at: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/12/151202132519.htm
This sealing was bought by the Rev. A.H. Gibson in 1945 from a resident of Qubeibeh village and alleged to have been found on nearby Tel Lachish. It is now at the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford England.  Seal was made from pale carnelian, 24 x 18 x 10 mm

Nearby Lachish: Problems with the Life Network of the Sun God Hu

(March 18, 2023) The image shows an Egyptian Ankh sign representing life  with a winged lion with a human head (Sphinx). Lions due to their golden color and power typically represented the sun. The sun god Hu represents the life network.

Translation in Akkadian (Levant Text 60.37)

(Read right to left. Capital letters on sealing. Small letters are inferred Inner vowels. Verb is italic bold)
  1. Lu  ḪaNu  E  (Levant Text 60.37)

In English. 

  1. Lack is not from intimidation

Previous Hebrew Translation Attempt

Some Hebrew language scholars claim the text reads as follows: 

  1. Belonging to Hanna

Reference

Avigad, Nahman; Sass, Benjamin (1997) Corpus of West Semitic Stamp Seals. Published by THE ISRAEL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES, THE ISRAEL EXPLORA TION SOCIETY, THE INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY, asnd THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM. Online at: https://www.academia.edu/4786835/1997_Avigad_N_revised_and_completed_by_Sass_B_Corpus_of_West_Semitic_stamp_seals_Jerusalem 
So Called "Isaiah Seal" from Jerusalem
This sealing was found in the Giv’ati parking lot excavation in Jerusalem. 
(Picture from Times of Israel, 2018) "Find of Biblical proportions, seal of Prophet Isaiah said found in Jerusalem” By Amanda Borschel-Dan 22 February 2018. Online at: https://www.timesofisrael.com/in-find-of-biblical-proportions-proof-of-prophet-isaiah-believed-unearthed/

So Called "Isaiah Seal"

(March 17, 2023)

Translation in Akkadian (Levant Text 53)

(Read right to left. Capital letters on tablet. Small letters are inferred Inner vowels. Verb is italic bold)
  1. (missing line)
  2. Lu   IṢu  'Yu  E (Levant Text 53.2)
  3. Nu  Bu  I[1] (Levant Text 53.3)

In English. 

  1. (missing line)
  2. Lack of scarcity is not from Ayu  
  3. The Revealer (Yahu) is being nourished by the [high-powers]. 

 Previous Hebrew Translation Attempt

  1. (missing line)
  2. Of Isaiah
  3. Prop[het]  

Hebrew word for prophet is: נביא or NBYA. So this Hebrew translation is also a possibility. The evidence to decide between the two would be from the missing top line. All that can be said is that no other Hebrew archaeological texts from this time period have yet been found. Where such claims have been made the letters are in such poor shape that their identification is extremely uncertain.

Reference

Mazar, Eilat (March-April 2018) Is This the Prophet Isaiah’s Signature? Biblical Archaeology Review. Online at: https://www.baslibrary.org/biblical-archaeology-review/44/2/7

Translation Resources Used

All texts translated to the scholar's standard.

Lexicon Used

Olmsted, D.D (January 1, 2022) Mediterranean Akkadian Lexicon 3rd Edition – 2022. DOI Permanent URL:   http://dx.doi.org/10.17613/nbb6-wg16. Online at: https://www.academia.edu/66851810/Mediterranean_Akkadian_Lexicon_3rd_Edition_2022

Letter Charts Used

Letter Class Comparison ChartLevant Letter Chart