Life Connective Gods: Hu (Sun, Lion, Order) and Ba'al (Horned Animal, Storm, Chaos)
Sun God (Hu, Celtic Lugh, Greek Helios, Lion) with Ba'al (Celtic Cernunnos and Taranis, Greek Zeus, Bull, Horned God)
Naudinot, N. and all (2017) Divergence in the evolution of Paleolithic symbolic and technological systems: The shining bull and engraved tablets of Rocher de l'Impératrice, Plos One. Online at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173037
Hu (Sun, Lion) and Ba'al (Horned Bull, Storm) Were Seen as Two Aspects of the Same Deity Since the Beginnings of Agriculture (11,700 BCE)
(July 3, 2022) The Bull represents the cloud hidden sun, the chaotic storm powers of the middle connective layer of the Neolithic Ancient Pagan Paradigm. These powers bring needed rain and so are complimentary to the visible sun called Hu which provides light and heat.
Alphabetic Akkadian Lexicon entry (Olmsted Jan 1 2022):
AT [Akkadian atu] god Atu (noun) - life-growth connective god of the Ancient Pagan Paradigm representing the fertility fluid flow through the divine network. When the flow is orderly and constant, he is in his healing sun form called Hu and Shamash from Ṣ-M-Ṣ (active - fertility-fluid – activity. When the flow is chaotic or anarchic, he is in his storm form represented by the Bull called Ba’al meaning “Great-One.” Aḫḫāzu is the storm form meaning “that which eliminates Hu” from A-Ḫ-Z. Its sub-powers are: UM - bull’s storm powersḪ [Akkadian Ḫu] god Hu – the masculine deity which represents Atu's healing sun form powers (light, heat) as opposed to his chaotic storm form powers (rain). Hu also associates the motion powers with the life powers to move the fertility fluids through the network. Hu’s epithet is often HL meaning “bright one” which is also the source for the Greek sun god word “Helios.”
AḪZ [Akkadian aḫḫāzu, aḫazu] Ahhazu (noun), grabber – an epithet for the chaotic storm bull form of Atu. It literally means “that which eliminates Hu” from A-Ḫ-Z where Hu is Atu’s healing sun form. So far this epithet only appears in Mesopotamia.
B’L [Akkadian ba’ūlu] The Great-One, Ba’al (noun), great (adjective) – “The Great One” or “Ba’al” is an epithet for the storm form of Atu.
UM [Akkadian ūmu] stormy-one, storm, storm-powers (noun), to make stormy (verb), stormy (adjective) - an epithet for the choatic storm bull. Storm powers cause conflict and chaos in the life-growth powers, compare to TB - to make a physical storm, IM - emotional magic powers of the motion class, NM - sun’s healing powers of the life-growth class, D - all powers of the life-growth class, IR - astrological powers of the motion class, EM - powers from lordly authority)
Indus Valley Unicorn Bull (2300 BCE)
Notice the stars around the lower sky-shell but not on the top yet the top has a fish net pattern.
(http://old.harappa.com/indus2/133.html)
Two Horned Bull with Chalice From Mohenjo-daro
Reference
Parpola, Asko (2008) The Harappan unicorn in Eurasian and South Asian perspectives, in Linguistics, Archaeology, and the Human PastOnline at: https://www.harappa.com/sites/default/files/pdf/Parpola_A_2011_unicorn%20%281%29.pdf
Lion Attacks Unicorn Bull
Reference
Parpola, Asko (2008) The Harappan unicorn in Eurasian and South Asian perspectives, in Linguistics, Archaeology, and the Human PastOnline at: https://www.harappa.com/sites/default/files/pdf/Parpola_A_2011_unicorn%20%281%29.pdf
Shepard, Odell (1930) The lore of the unicorn. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd
Unicorn Bull on Ishtar Gate of Babylon (575 BCE)
The Ishtar Gate was the eighth gate to the inner city of Babylon. It was constructed in about 575 BCE by order of King Nebuchadnezzar II on the north side of the city. It was reconstructed at the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. (image from Wikipedia Commons)
Golden Bull of a Maykop Culture Chief (3,200 BCE)
Çatalhöyük Bull Horns (7,100 to 5,700 BCE)
Photo from 2008 excavation season at project leader Ian Holder’s flickr stream at https://www.flickr.com/photos/catalhoyuk/albums/72157608731868428/with/3009675029/And lecture at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vmFKBf5OVoI
Mithras Killing the Bull of Chaos (150 CE)
Four more stars are visible to the right of the god's head. A lion cub and the serpent are licking the blood from the wound of the bull. A scorpion grasps the testicles. On each side of the bull is a torch-bearer: Cautes (left) with a torch pointed up and Cautopates (right) with his torch pointed down. The two Corinthian columns beside them are pointed in the same directions are their torches. These likely represent the seasons with Cautes representing summer and Cautopates representing winter. Mithra is looking towards the sun side which is the side of life and growth.
Babylonian Bull God with a human head (1700 BCE)
Jastrow, Morris (2015) The Civilization of Babylonian and Assyria. Online at: https://ia800200.us.archive.org/1/items/civilizationbab05jastgoog/civilizationbab05jastgoog.pd
Brindled Texas Longhorn Cow
Brindled Bull Rhyton from Cyprus (1300-1200 BCE)
Harappan (Indus Valley) Bronze Bull (2500 BCE)
Winged Sun Disk
Egyptian Sun Disk
Ayu with Hu as a Lion
Sumerian Text Mentioning the Sumerian Sun God AN (2450 BCE)
(Jan 2023) The Sumerians also followed the Ancient Pagan Paradigm. Here AN is the Sumerian Hu. This stone was found in the Sumerian city of Sippar. This text was written on the expensive lapis lazuli stone imported from Afghanistan and would have been placed in a prominent place in a Sippar temple.
Text reads:
- AN (Hu) is the harvest-chief. BU (Ba'al) is the fishing-ground
- AN is the plant-grower
- The Lady (INANNA, Ayu) reaps with AN
- The Chief (AN) is submitting to the music-maker (INANNA)
- The Chief supplies the life-forms
- The three (AN, BU, INANNA) are making fearful the strings (life network)
- Their words form the earth
(July 3, 2022) Assyrian relief showing winged Hu (Shamash) as the winged sun disk presiding over the tree of life whose branches represent the life network. This relief is from the northwest palace hall of Assyrian King Assurbanipal II at Nimrud. It dates to 883 to 859 BCE. Wings are always an indicator of a connective power deity. Not obvious in this image but Hu's hands are holding the feminine ring of life.
The king is pointing at Hu from whom all life powers flow and behind the king seems to be a masculine from of the goddess Ishtar (Ayu, Inanna) holding a pine cone containing pollen which he is shaking on the king. He is also holding a pollen bag. Pollen and bees are another representation of the feminine power as distributers of fertility. That she has been masculinized shows just how far the divine feminine has been suppressed in Mesopotamia after 900 BCE. Relief in British Museum at: http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details.aspx?objectId=366005&partId=1&searchText=Ashurnasirpal&page=6
Etruscan Orcus Tomb Two Image 4: Ayu and Yahu Conversing with Ba’al in the Clouds
(Sept. 10, 2022) The next image clockwise around the room shows three deities in a cloud. They are left to right:
Rain storm god Ba'al holding a spear,
Network editing goddess Ayu identified by snakes in her hair,
Life form revealing god Yahu (Revealer) having the additional power of the bear hat.
Translation in Akkadian (Text Med 19.3)
(read right to left. Capital letters on stone. Inner vowels inferred)- Nu AA
- Mu Edu Bu. Igu Ne Pu Ya
- Du U Ṣu
In English
- The Revealer (Yahu) is motion-empowered
- Fertility-fluids are nourished by enlightenment, (But) the Eye (motion source god Su) does not open the Revealer.
- Life-powers are because of activity (growth processes)
Interestingly, bear power is associated with the god Yahu here because he is wearing a bear hat. Bears represent the combination of emotion sourced motion powers with life powers. They are mostly pescatarians (fish, nuts, berries, vegetables) yet they very powerful fighters when aroused. In contrast the donkey is the combination of the astrological sourced motion powers and life powers.
Etruscan Orcus Tomb Two Image 4: Life God Hu Surrounded by Gods Alu and Yahu
(Sept. 10, 2022) The last image clockwise around the room shows a dejected life network god Hu standing between Alu and Ayu. Previously these deities were misidentified as Vanth, Agamemnon, and Tiresias.
Translation in Akkadian (Text Med 19.4)
(read right to left. Capital letters on stone. Inner vowels inferred)- Nu IGu AZu
- Šu INu Qu. YAu LuTu E. Pu YAu Zu. Hu LeZu
- ... Mu EMu Du ...
In English
- The Revealer associates with fate.
- Correspondences are making luney the threads. Yahu (YA or IA) is not split-off. Openings for Yahu (YA or IA) have been eliminated. Hu endures.
- … magic. The Supervisor (Alu) life-empowers …
(August 13, 2022) Read left to right. This is not a workshop tag but seems to be a temple tag with a religious phrase.
Translation into Akkadian
- Su lu Ḫu wa
Into English
- A lacking Su makes miserable Hu
The full moon god Su is the motion source god and his motion powers are needed to push the fertility fluids through the life network represented by the visible sun god Hu. If the fertility fluids are sluggish then life forms do not get manifested making all the life powers miserable.
Find location was not listed
References
Godart, L. and Poursat, J-C (1978) Malia. Le Quartier Mu 1. Introduction générale par J.-Cl. Poursat. Écriture hiéroglyphique crétoise par L. Godart et J.-P. Olivier. Études crétoises, 23, 1978 - 2021 École Française d'Athènes. Online at: https://cefael.efa.gr/detail.php?site_id=1&actionID=page&serie_id=EtCret&volume_number=23&ce=oatbaqmb7gsvpv7saktgh9sd9dd7b3sr&sp=230Ritual Supplies for the Life Powers of Hu - Malia Tablet HT 7 (Minoan Text 10)
Front of Tablet
(November 25, 2022) The text reads:
- The activity-powers of Su are lacking,
- not the elimination-powers. For Hu 3
- thread-items. For the nourishers of Hu (Alu) 4.
- For nourishing the distant-ones (life source deities) 1 anti-misery-maker.
- For magic for doing the same thing with Su-powers 1.
In Akkadian
- ṣi su li
- ya zi. Ḫu 3
- qu ba Ḫu 4
- bu nasû 1
- tu še si 1
Back of Tablet
The text reads
- For life-manifestation-powers (Yahu) working with the nourishing motion-powers 1
- For the misery eliminating-powers for working with openings 2
In Akkadian
- di si bi 1
- wa zi pu 2
Wall Relief from Mine L at Serabit el-Khadim Blames Human Emotion Magic for Causing the Great Drought (Sinai Text 3)
(August 6) This text blames human emotion magic for causing chaos in the network. It absolves from blame the astrological motion powers.
In Akkadian
Right Column
- etû dâṣu namû
- ṣamȗ Ḫu bā’u letû
Middle Column
- īnu ešû nâṣu
- agȗ u tu
Left Column
- e ittu šâmu
- atu ludȗ lâšu nu
In English
Right Column - agreement on the problem
- The boundary is disrespecting the fertility-fluid-Revealer (Yahu)
- Dehydration splits-off Hu's nest (network)
Middle Column - magic motion powers are the cause
- The moon-eyed (magic crafters) are confusing the repulsion
- The chaos is because of magic
Left Column - life powers are the cause
- No omen is forcing-fate
- Atu's fields (network) are influencing the Revealer
The right column is blaming the life power's middle layer of the Ancient Pagan Paradigm (boundary) for a drought. The network is not allowing fertility fluids to flow through it. These fertility fluids are needed to trigger the life form manifestations by the Revealer (god Yahu). The drying-out (dehydration) of fertility fluids causes the network (nest) represented by the sun god Hu to split-off from the Revealer.
The middle column blames the magic crafters for making the flow of the fertility fluids chaotic. These fluids are pushed through the channels by repulsion.
The last column absolves the motion powers from the astrological night sky. The drought is not due to fate but due to magic crafters.
Line by Line Explanation
- Threads are the channels of the life network through which fertility fluids flow to trigger Yahu to manifest life forms. But, fertility fluids affected by negative human emotions which are not being covered up but are instead being made manifest by the motion source god and full moon god Su. The sun god Hu represents the life network but it is not being properly formed.
- Thu is the hermaphrodite motion power deity for the connective layer of the Ancient Pagan Paradigm. He is the one who normally filters out negative human emotions but he is being intimidated by the source power of this motion powers which is Su.
- Eagle vultures are the familiars which edit the life network by cutting off unwanted links.
- Lack of drought depends on a working life network represented by the sun god Hu and the pushing of the fertility fluids through it by spiritual motion (wind) powers represented by the owl familiar.
- Humans emotions are causing the misery
- The astrological motion powers are in control of human emotions right now.
- This line makes a connection between the life powers and motion powers by using the analogy of sex.
(September 5, 2022) This text is blaming a drought on negative and unblocked human emotions. Normally the connective hermaphrodite motion power deity, Thu, blocked most of these negative emotions before they could affect the flow of fertility fluids through the life network represented by sun god Hu. In this case Thu is being restrained by the astrological motion source powers represented by the full moon god Su.
Translation in Akkadian
(read right to left. Capital letters on stone. Inner vowels inferred)- Lu Qu ḪaWu Le'u. IA Šu Qu. E ḪaSu. Su IMu Du. Mu Ta'u Ru. E ReTu A. Tu NūNu Bu Ḫu.
- Tu Lu Ṭu. MuTa Lu Ṭu U APu Nu. Ba'u I' QaRu. Apu Nu. Ba'u Yabu A Tu MaNu. ḪaNu Su Bu NuNu.
- Du RuQu Bu. Nu HuNu AWu. Hu Bu Ru. Nu MaṬu. Nu A Ma'u Ya Hu Mu. IWu Qu Se'u. Bu PaMu IDu RaQu.
- Bu Pamu ID RaQu. Bu Nu Be'u. Ya Ḫu Nu A Bu. NaBu PaMu ID Raqu. Lu IṢu ŠuḪu U Aku Nu A.
- Ṣu Ḫu RaQu Nu. Ṣu Qu EMu U Ṣu AMu. A Tu Ba'u. MaDu DaRu QaTu Du. IMu EQu Q. WA T A
- A Tu Imu Nu. Ṣu U Ḫu RaSu UMu. A NuNu MaWu. BaQu QeNu RaMu U Le'u IṢu Pu. IMu A Ḫu Pu
- U'a Nu Tu. EMu Ḫu TaBu. Mu A Tu. INu AZu Qu. E A Pu Mu. E A U ṢȃLu AYu Lu Gi. Ya Le'u IMu NeKu
In English
- The lack of threading is the howling of the astrological-powers. Yahu (IA) is being the same as the threading. Nothing is being covered-up. Su manifests the emotions. Fertility-fluids are being pastured by the eagle-vultures. Nothing is being set by them. Anarchic magic is nourishing Hu.
- Magic is lacking Thu. The murderer is lacking Thu and veiling the Revealer (Yahu). The nest (network) determines the fate of Yahu (I'). Veiled is the Revealer. The nest's enemy is supported by this magic. Intimidation by Su is nourishing anarchy.
- Life-manifesting is being made difficult for the nourishments (fertility-fluids). The Revealer (Yahu) is being intimidated by the motion-powers. Hu is being nourished by the eagle-vultures. The Revealer is scarce. Those revelations are not being pushed by Hu's fertility-fluids. The redirection of threads is being inhibited. Nourishments are being night-dinned into the difficult life-channels.
- Nourishments are being night-dinned into the ignored life-channels. Nourishments nest the Revealer. Shouldn’t Hu be revealing those nourishments? The Nourishment-Revealer (Yahu) is nocturnally-chorusing for the difficult life-channels. A lack of scarcity depends on the wind and emotion-owls will be revealing that.
- The activity of Hu is being difficult for the Revealer (Yahu). The activity of the threads is being supervised and activated by the Reed-Boat (Ayu). Her magic is nested. The creation of invisible-forms is ending in life-manifestations, (but) emotions are making ineffective the life-threads. Misery is from those magical-powers.
- This magic is revealed by emotions. Activity and Hu are being attacked by the storm-powers. This makes anarchic the waters. The swarm (stars) is taking possession of the emotional-releasing and the astrological powers are making-scarce the openings. Those emotions open Hu.
- Misery is being revealed by magic. The Supervisor (Ayu) arouses Hu. Fertility-fluids are crafted by magic for that. Moon-eyes are associating with the threads. None of this is opening-up the fertility-fluids. None of this is fighting Ayu’s lack of energy. Do not the astrological-powers emotionally-empower illicit-sex..
Minoan Bull at Heraklion Museum Crete (2500-1600 BCE)
Bulls in Minoan Crete (2500-1600 BCE)
(Personal photo from Minoan Heraklion Museum Crete)
Bull found at Ritual Circle, Israel
It is now on display in the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. Photo from Mazar, A (1982) The Bull Site - An Iron Age 1 Open Cult Place. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. No. 247 (Summer, 1982), pp. 27-42. https://doi.org/10.2307/1356477https://www.jstor.org/stable/1356477
Bull head on Lyre from Puabi's Grave PG_800, Royal Cemetery Ur - British Museum
The inlay on the right image shows a funeral parade with the divine powers of life and death represented by animals. The top panel has a hyena and a lion (chaos and order on earth) at the front of the parade bringing meat and drink for the deceased. Below that are some mythical creatures playing music. A dragon is playing the lyre. Below that is a singing scorpion man (paralysis power) who is trying to play a musical instrument but can't because of his claws. Beside him is a goat shaking rattles.
Bull head on Lyre from Royal Cemetery Ur - Penn Museum
Horned Storm God on Gundestrup Cauldron (150 to 1 BCE)
Based on its silverwork and soldering, this cauldron was most likely made in the Roman Provence of Thrace which is the land on the European side of the Bosporus.
Photo from National Museum of Denmark via Wikimedia Commons at: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gundestrupkedlen-_00054_(cropped).jpg
Gundestrup Cauldron (150 to 1 BCE)
Photo from National Museum of Denmark via Wikimedia Commons at: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gundestrupkarret_F.I.7074b.jpg
Horned Storm God with Wings and Water Buffalo Horns from Mohenjo-daro, India (2600 - 1900 BCE)
Original photo from page 334 in Further Excavations at Mohenjodaro by E.J.H. Mackay (1938).Photo taken from https://www.harappa.com/blog/deity-seal
Horned Storm God in Water Buffalo Killing Scene from Mohenjo-daro, India (2600 - 1900 BCE)
Photo at https://www.harappa.com/indus/89.html