Linguistic Evidence for Akkadian Speaking Neolithic Farmers

(September 27, 2023, Updated April 7, 2025) Many English words come from Akkadian as does the grammatical structures of "ongoing" or "continuous" tense and the  "do support" (Akkadian Y letter start) sentence constructions. (For a description of the problem see the section entitled "Supposed Celtic Syntax in English" at  https://www.arrantpedantry.com/2014/12/01/celtic-and-the-history-of-the-english-language/

The earliest English words came from both Latin and Old Norse/German. Latin speakers acquired their Akkadian words from their northern Akkadian speaking neighbors, the Etruscans. Many Old Norse words also derive from Etruscan whose writing spread north and ended up as the northern style runes. This writing only ceased around by 500 CE. Significantly, Akkadian has never been considered as a word source in European etymological studies until now because no one imagined such a connection existed.  

The difficulty in determining the Druid Akkadian linguistic roots of modern European language words is that the modern words are spelled mostly phonetically unlike the Druid Akkadian words found in early Christian writings or local bardic tales. Those early written sources seem to have visually copied those words from some runic texts or were told how they were spelled by the natives. So in the case of English should one include inner word vowels or not in the Akkadian phrase reconstruction? The correct decision is not always clear and I am sure it will be an area of scholarly debate in the years ahead.

Old Linguistic Dad Jokes (for insuring a complete education)

1. English is a weird language. The adjective for metal is metallic, but not so for iron, which is ironic.
2. Etymology is not Entomology, confusing the two bug me.

References

1. Beer: Druid Akkadian phrase B.ER meaning "nourishment gathering-place." Middle English ber, from Old English beor "strong drink, beer, mead," cognate with Old Frisian biar, Middle Dutch and Dutch bier, Old High German bior, German Bier;  This is a word having an ambiguous origin in traditional etymologies.
2. Wine: Druid Akkadian phrase W.IN meaning "Curse of the Moon-eye" in a reference to intoxication. The Moon-eye is the dark new moon and eye pupil god Su who is the source of non-fate motion powers. Old High German win, Old Norse vin, Dutch wijn, German Wein), an early borrowing from Latin vinum "wine," Arabic wain.
3. Ale: Druid Akkadian phrase A.L' meaning the "result of fate" via Old English ealu, Old Saxon alo, and Old Norse öl. 
4. Alcohol: Druid Akkadian phrase AL.K'.Ḫ'.L meaning Alu's prodding by astrological-fate-owl's reductions" in which reduction is the slow disappearance of some fluid. This is from the shorter word "Kohl" ("prodding by astrological-fate-owl's reductions") which seems to have referred to any condensate but ultimately just meant the fine black powder used for eye-liner in ancient times. This was made from the soot from burning a pure oil which condensed on the side of a container. Arabic also has the word which came from Akkadian so Europe or may not have gotten the word via Arabic. Purposely distilled alcohol made from condensing the boil-off was first used in medicines. Medieval doctor Paracelsus (1493-1541) used the word to refer to both the fine powder left after boiling-off a source liquid and any resultant condensed vapor. 

1. Bad: Druid Akkadian word bādu meaning “evening.” In Akkadian this word is also an epithet for the night time astrological powers of fate which usually bring “bad” events. It has no apparent relatives in other languages outside of English and appears in English as soon as English started being written during the 1200s.
2. Celestial: Druid Akkadian words šalu, šelû, sala’u  representing the celestial light powers of goddess "Selu/Selene" (Selene means "powers of Selu"). Celestial light on earth was the glow of a coal having warmth and light without the flame of a fire. Celestial light was the light of the heavenly bodies and of the inner spark of life which provided warmth and movement to the body. The comes to  English via Latin caelestis (heavenly, pertaining to the sky), and caelum (heaven, sky; abode of the gods) which is of uncertain origin. The Latin word is the source of the usual word for "sky" in most of the Romance languages, such as French ciel, Spanish cielo, Italian cielo, and Portuguese céu. It is the source of ceiling in English as well.
3. Dipper, Big Dipper: Druid Akkadian words dappu, dippu meaning “dip” or “dipper” as a ladle to get at a cistern of water.  This includes the action (motion power) of getting at the divine cistern as the source of fertility fluids (life power). The constellation of the “Big Dipper” seems to have come down to us from Druid culture as it is not included in the Greek named constellations. The words comes into modern English via Old English dyppan "to plunge or immerse temporarily in water, to baptize by immersion," Old Norse deypa "to dip," Old Frisian depa, Dutch dopen, German taufen, and Gothic daupjan "to baptize") 
4. Horoscope: This is based on the Druid Akkadian word ḫarû meaning "liver" and "life." The ancients considered the liver as the source of emotions and thus motion in humans and animals. As such it was connected to the high motion powers represented by the deities of Su, Selu/Selene, and Thu. It was the location of the inner spark of life. Because Selu/Selene represented the astrological heavenly bodies defining fate the idea of using liver as a divination source  became popular in classical times. This is reflected in Latin words horoscopum/horoscopus and Greek hōroskopos (Druid Akkadian phrase ḪR.S.K.PṢ meaning "Life from Su's involvement with the White-one (Selu/Selene)" and Haruspicy (Druid Akkadian phrase ḪR.S.P.KY meaning "Life from Su's opening of the prodding."
5. Juniper: This is the Druid Akkadian phrase IW.N.IP.ER.US via Latin iuniperus. In Akkadian it means "The redirection of fate-revelations freeing-up the harbor's originator (Hu)" The scent of the juniper tree aided in changing the direction of fate powers to free up rain from the watery sky-shell (harbor).
6. Muse: Druid Akkadian word mušu meaning "night powers" is the source of the English word "muse" via Old French muser from the 1100's CE meaning "to ponder, dream, wonder; loiter, waste time."
7. Query, Quarry: Druid Akkadian word qarȗ, qariu, qerȗ meaning "query, inquire, astrological inquiry" via Latin quaere “meaning to ask, to seek.”  The word “inquire” is the Druid-Akkadian phrase IN.QR meaning “The Moon-eye's inquiry” in which the Moon-Eye is the dark new moon and eye-pupil god Su who was the source of all non-fate motion powers. The words query and inquire were conflated around late Roman times.
8. Hollow, Hallow: Druid Akkadian phrase H'.L.L'.W meaning "astrological-owls lacking fate's curses." These owls were omens of change because they influenced the flow rate of life-powers through the life network. This owl connection is seen in Middle English of the late 1300's in the word holowen  meaning "to make hollow" because owls live in hollowed out tree trunks. The date of Oct. 31 is described as alle halwe eue or "all hallow's eve" by c. 1300 as in it was an omened day of change. "Hallow" became associated with "good omens" or "holy omens." Consequently the Christian church tried to coopt Halloween by associating it with the honoring holy persons or saints. Hallow-day for "All-Saints Day" is from 1590s.

References

1. Atlantis, Atlantic: Druid Akkadian phrase A.TL.AN.T.IŠ meaning "Result of the Mounded-one's (Kate/Hekate) considerations of astrology-magic's confusion" via Latin atlanticus and Greek atlantikos. First found in Plato's Timaeus (360 BCE) as Ἀτλαντὶς νῆσος which describes the legend of Atlantis where it is or "Atlantis Nesos" or "Atlantis the distant" or "distant Atlantis" where "nesu" is an Akkadian word NS meaning "distant." Kate (Hekate means "Hu's Kate") is the Druid life source goddess representing the dark underworld and its storage of spirits ready for reincarnation. As such she was responsible for life and death.
2. Avon (river): Druid Akkadian phrase AW.AN meaning “motion-powers for considerations" where considerations are focused emotions usually from emotion magic but here that power was viewed as being inherent in this river. Offerings were often made to rivers.
3. Avalon: Druid Akkadian phrase AW.A.L'.N meaning "emotion-powers resulting in fate's revelations." Emotion powers are the magical powers of emotion-magic. Avalon was theisland to which Britain’s legendary king Arthur was conveyed for the healing of his wounds after his final battle. It is first mentioned in Geoffrey of Monmouth’s Historia regum Britanniae (c. 1136), while the same author’s Vita Merlini (c. 1150) described it as “the island of apples [‘Insula pomorum’], called fortunate.” It was ruled by the enchantress Morgan le Fay and her eight sisters. Morgan le Fay was described as being skilled in the arts of healing and of changing shape.
4. Bryn: Druid Akkadian phrase BR.IN meaning "seeing the Moon-eye" where the Moon-eye was the dark moon and eye-pupil god Su who was the source of non-fate motion/emotion powers. Bryn in Welsh now just means "hill" but originally these hills were a type of high place involved with the astrological powers. A bryn became the city of Manchester.
5. Brill: Druid Akkadian phrase BR.IL meaning "seeing the high-powers" so a general purpose high place.  A brill became the city of Buckinghamshire.
6. Briga: Druid Akkadian phrase BR.IG.A meaning "seeing the eyes-of-fate's results" where the "Eyes of fate" are the heavenly bodies. Another ritual high place dealing with the astrological powers. Traditional Celtic language scholarship also concluded independently that this meant hill or high place. (compare to Brigit and Brigand)
7. Brigantes: Druid Akkadian phrase BR.IG.AN.T.ES meaning "seeing the eyes-of-fate using considerations of astrology-magic's spiritual-fluids." where the "eyes of fate" are the heavenly bodies and "considerations" are focused emotion of emotion magic. The Brigantes were a pre-Roman era tribe located in Northern England (Yorkshire). The Greek geographer Ptolemy also named the Brigantes as a people in Ireland also, where they could be found around what is now counties Wexford, Kilkenny and Waterford.  
8. Brigands: Druid Akkadian phrase BR.IG.ND meaning "seeing the eyes-of-fate's sheddings" via  from Old French brigand (14c.), Italian brigante "trooper, skirmisher, foot soldier," Latin brigare "to brawl, fight." The sense of "robber, freebooter, one who lives by pillaging" is early English (late 14c.), reflecting the lack of distinction between professional mercenary armies and armed, organized criminals. The "Eyes of fate" are the heavenly bodies.
9. Dan, Don, Den: Druid Akkadian word DN meaning "judgement." Yet this in turn may derive from the phrase D.AN meaning "life-manifestations from considerations" where "considerations" are focused thoughts/emotions which would latter be associated almost exclusively with emotion magic. 
10. Dun: Druid Akkadian phrase D.UN or D.WN meaning "life-manifestations from resisting." Celtic tradition has the word Dun meaning "fortress." 
11. Land, Lond: Druid Akkadian phrase L'.N.D meaning "Layout for revealing life-manifestations. So land or a landing is an area designed to bring forth life. "London" derives from the Latin word Londinium which the Romans invented for their new city. It means the "life-layout for judgment."
12. Lay, Ley: Druid Akkadian word L', LY meaning “lay, layout, plan, and fate" as in the “lay of the land” and the plan of fate. It comes via Old English leah "open field, meadow, piece of untilled grassy ground." It is found in earlier place names as læch, Old High German loh "clearing," and probably also Flemish -loo, which forms the second element in the word  "Waterloo."
13. Shire: Druid Akkadian word ṢR [Akkadian ṣēru, ṣiru] meaning "life realm." via Middle English shire, from Old English scir, scyr  meaning "administrative office, jurisdiction, stewardship, authority." 

References

1. Ash: Druid Akkadian words aṣu and ašu meaning “expelled thing” via Middle English asshe, Old English æsce, Old High German asca, German asche, Middle Dutch asche, Gothic azgo "ashes." Fires expel ashes. The ash tree was the expeller tree due to its clumps of flying seeds. Because creation was thought to be the manifestation of invisible forms expelled by the divine realm, the ash tree was also the Yggdrasil creation tree of Norse myth. Christian Ash Wednesday is a time of expelling sinful behaviors prior to Easter.
2. Anger: Druid Akkadian word agȗ meaning "anger" via Old Norse angra and Old English enge.
3. Divine: Druid Akkadian word di’u meaning "divine" or "divine motion realm" as in all the spiritual powers behind all the change on earth via Latin divus "of a god”
4. Educate: Druid Akkadian phrase ED.K meaning "motivating involvement" via Latin educare.
5. Elevate: Druid Akkadian phrase EL.EW meaning "high-power attention-shift" via Latin elevare which in turn was conflated with a compound Latin word ex.levare meaning "past levitations."
6. Emotion: Akkadian imu meaning "emotions" or "emotional trigger" via Latin emovere
7. Energy: Druid Akkadian word gi meaning "emotional energy" via Greek energeia and late Latin energia. The word “energy” is the Druid Akkadian phrase EN.G meaning "reassigning energy.” Gi is linguistically the same as the eastern "Chi" indicating this word goes back to the hunter-gatherers.  Energy is manifested directly on earth as "breath" and "winds." The word “Work” (wer) is Indo-European. 
8. Gas: This is either the Druid Akkadian word gešû, gašû meaning "belch" or gisȗ, gasu meaning a "spiritual blessing." Traditionally, thought to have been first used by Flemish chemist J.B. van Helmont (1577-1644) who defined it as: Hunc spiritum, incognitum hactenus, novo nomine gas voco ("This vapor, hitherto unknown, I call by a new name, 'gas.'") [Helmont, Ortus Medicinae]. A similar sounding word, khaos, was used by Swiss physician Paracelsus (1493-1541), who used khaos in an occult sense of "proper elements of spirits" or "ultra-rarified water."
9. Hazing: Druid Akkadian word ḥazu meaning “sigh” or “to make sigh.” Traditional  etymology has no information on this word.
10. Howl: Druid Akkadian word ḫawȗ meaning “to howl” as an emotional response of angush. Earliest record related to English is 13th century Germanic houlen.
11. Lackey: Druid Akkadian word lakȗ meaning “emotionally-meek, weak-willed.” In traditional etymology this word’s origin is unknown. Originally a Druid Akkadian phrase Lu.Ku meaning “Lacking Involvement.” 
12. Magic: Druid Akkadian word mugu and magu meaning “magic” via Latin magus meaning “magical/emotional/spiritual healer.”
13. Mobilize: Druid Akkadian word mūbû meaning “mobilize” via Latin mobilis
14. Pray: Druid Akkadian phrase PR.AY meaning "To emotionally-coerce Ayu" in which Ayu is the goddess who directs the life powers to earth through the life network. Found in 1400's English as preien, meaning "to ask earnestly, beg (someone). This is actually the Druid Akkadian phrase PR.AY.EN meaning "To emotionally-coerce Ayu's reassignments" as in reassigning the network connections. Latin has precari meaning "to ask earnestly, beg, entreat." This is the Druid Akkadian phrase PR.K.AR "To emotionally-coerce involvement of the controllers
15. Remonstrate: Druid Akkadian words ramû, remû meaning “emotional release” via Latin remonstrare meaning "to emotionally demonstrate"
16. Sad: Druid Akkadian word sādu, sêdu means "to care about." If you have to care about someone then something is wrong with them. A different "sad" word comes from Akkadian ṣadû, ṣâdu meaning "to feast" producing the following lineage: Old English sæd "sated, full, having had one's fill (of food, drink, fighting, etc.), Old Norse saðr, Middle Dutch sat, Dutch zad, Old High German sat, German satt, Gothic saþs "satiated, sated, full."
17. Sin: Druid Akkadian word ṢN meaning “to sin” via the Greek translation of the Bible (Septuagint)
18. Ugly: Akkadian ugu meaning “ugly” as in a “frightful appearance” enough to cause extreme fear as in “frightened to death” via Old Norse uggligr meaning "dreadful, fearful," and from uggr meaning "fear, apprehension, dread." Its meaning was softened to "very unpleasant to look at" during the late 1300’s.

References

(Updated May 5, 2025)

1. Cinder, Sinter: Druid Akkadian phrase Ṣ.IN.D.AR meaning "Activations from the Moon-eye's manifestations of control. These are the solid bits left over from hot glows which represented the celestial light powers of the goddess Selu/Selene. Via Old English sinder "dross of iron, slag," Old Norse sindr, Middle Low German and Middle Dutch sinder, Dutch sintel, Old High German sintar, German Sinter). Compare with the Mediterranean lineage of this word: Latin cinerem (nominative of cinis) "ashes," and Greek konis "dust." (Latin /c/ was initially pronounced like a /k/) and later French cendre meaning "ashes," 
2. Game, Gamete: Akkadian phrase G.A.M meaning energizing the fertility-fluids. This phrase always had something to do with fun and sex. From Greek gamos "marriage," gamete "a wife," gametes "a husband, gamein "to take to wife, to marry. Also the seventh month of the ancient Attic calendar (corresponding to late January and early February) was Gamelion, "Month of Marriages." By 1200 CE Old English gamen "joy, fun; game, amusement," Old Norse gaman "game, sport; pleasure, amusement," Old Saxon gaman, Old High German gaman "sport, merriment," Danish gamen, Swedish gamman "merriment"), Gothic gaman "participation, communion."
3. Heal: Druid Akkadian word ḪL meaning "to physically heal" via Old Norse heila and Old Frisian hela. It is also an epithet for the sun god Hu which became “Helios” in Greek. 
4. Lack: Druid Akkadian phrase L.K via Old Norse lakr meaning “lacking.”
5. Lipid: Druid Akkadian word lēpu, līpu meaning “fat-of-the land" via Greek lipos meaning "fat" 
6. Mom, Ma: Druid Akkadian word M meaning “fertility fluid provider” in a reference to milk." This is also likely the source of the Indo-European "Mother" via Latin māter, Greek mētēr, Sanskrit matar, Old Norse moðir.  This commonality between the two European language sources indicates this word goes back even earlier to our hunter/gatherer ancestors.
7. Naked: Druid Akkadian word NK meaning "naked" via Old English nacod, Old Frisian nakad, Middle Dutch naket, German nackt, Old Norse nökkviðr, Old Irish nocht, Welsh noeth. Not to be confused with "Nude" having a /d/ or /g/ which is Indo-European as evidenced by Old Church Slavonic nagu and Russian nagoi
8. Natural Live Birth, Nut: Druid Akkadian word NT via Old English hnutu, and Latin natus meaning "birth." An example a natural birth is a “nut” which also derives from this word.“
9. Nature-of-things: Druid Akkadian word NṬ via Latin natura  meaning a non-divine inherent character, constitution, and quality.
10. Pit: Druid Akkadian word PT meaning "pit." This is an epithet for both "grave" and "wellspring." The comes via Old English pytt meaning "natural or man-made depression in the ground, water hole, well; grave," Old Frisian pet, Old Saxon putti, Old Norse pyttr, Middle Dutch putte, Dutch put, Old High German pfuzza, German Pfütze meaning "pool, puddle", an early borrowing from Latin puteus meaning "well, pit, shaft."
11. Summer: Druid Akkadian word ṢM meaning “dehydration” and "dehydration time" via Old English sumor, Old Saxon, Old Norse, Old High German sumar, Old Frisian sumur, Old Irish sam. 
12. Tit: Druid Akkadian word TT meaning "fruit" and "tit" via Old English titt. 
13. Turn, Trans: Druid Akkadian phrase TR.N meaning "to change revelations" via Latin tornare meaning “turn on a lathe,” Greek tornus meaning “lathe,” and Latin trans meaning “change state” as in the words transform and transport.

References

(Updated May 6, 2025)

1. Good: Druid Akkadian word BN meaning "good" via Latin bonus, source of Romance language’s bueno and bien meaning "good."
2. Hound, Hunt: Druid Akkadian phrase ḪW.N.D meaning "Howling which reveals life" via Old Saxon and Old Frisian hund, Old High German hunt, Old Norse hund.
3. Liberty, Lord: Druid Akkadian word LB meaning "lord, landlord, lordship, liberty" as in to have liberty oneself and lord over others. The lion was the archetypal example of this power. Its howling was the prime example of “lording over” something. From Old French liberte "freedom, liberty, free will" via Latin libertatem (nominative libertas) "civil or political freedom, condition of a free man; absence of restraint; permission," from liber meaning "free." 
4. Man: Druid Akkadian word MN meaning "supporter" via Old English man and Old Frisian mon. Traditionally, this word was thought to derive from proto-Indo-European but that is incorrect because that word has an MZ root as evidenced from Old Church Slavonic mozi and Russian muzh.
5. Pagan, Page, Pig: Druid Akkadian word PG meaning "something incomplete via the Latin pagos meaning incomplete.
   1. A medieval "page" is an incomplete knight. A paper "page" in a book is an incomplete book which  derives either from Latin pagella meaning "small page" or Latin pagina meaning "woman page." 
   2. A pig is an incomplete animal because it is not a proper hunter or grazer because it is a scavenger. It derives from Middle English pigge  (which was also used as a surname around 1300 CE). 
   3. Its use as an incomplete territory is found in Julius Ceaser's Gallic Wars 1.12.4 as nam omnis civitas Helvetia in quattuor pagos divisa est ("for the Helvetian nation incomplete was divided into four cantons"). 
6. Pagan: Druid Akkadain phrase PG.N meaning "The pig revealed" or "The incompleteness revealed" as an insult. The Roman army used paganus to refer to a "civilian, or incompetent soldier." Roman city dwellers used paganus " to refer to country dwellers.  By 1841 "pagan" is found in Christian English texts to refer to non-Christians of all types, but especially for those from the pre-Christian classical era.

References

(Updated May 6, 2025)

1. Equal: Druid Akkadian word EQ meaning "functional replacement" via Latin aequalis (uniform, identical, equal). Also seen in Old French as Old French egal.
2. Hit, Attack: Druid Akkadian word ḪT via Old English hyttan, hittan and Old Norse hitta. An epithet which gave the Hittites their name. Also an epithet for the lintel of a doorway which is a head hitter.
3. Lid, Covering: Druid Akkadian word LṬ from Mesopotamian Akkadian lâṭu, līṭu, lētu meaning “lid” via Old English hlid meaning "covering, opening, gate," Old Norse hlið meaning "gate, gap," Swedish lid meaning "gate," Old French hlid, Middle Dutch lit, Dutch lid, Old High German hlit  all meaning "lid, cover."
4. Lute: Druid Akkadian word LṬ from Mesopotamian Akkadian luṭu meaning a stringed musical instrument also meaning "harmony" and "harmony-maker." Traditional etymology only goes back to 1200’s Old French lut, leut.
5. Mold, Made (Make): Druid Akaddian word MD meaning “molder” and "maker" via Old French modle which in turn derives from Latin modulum meaning ”model” as in “the reference against which things are measured." In contrast the word “Make” with a /k/ instead of a /d/ derives from the northern word lineage via Old English macod, and macian, Old Saxon makon, Old Frisian makia "to build, to make," Middle Dutch and Dutch maken, and German machen. 
6. Quit: Druid Akkadian word QT meaning "to quit or to end" via Latin quietus meaning to end or be free of debt.
7. Sack: Druid Akkadian word SK meaning “cloth pounder” or “cloth sacker” which was a process to fluff and fill out cloth. From Latin saccus and secondarily Old Norse sekkr.
8. Same, Equal: Druid Akkadian word Š via Old Norse samr
9. Size, Measurement: Druid Akkadian word ŠZ via Old English around 1300 and just prior to that in Old French as sise.
10. Super, Amplify: Druid Akkadian word ŠP via Latin prefix super- which is analogous to Greek hyper-