Druid Spirals (Vortices) - 5500 BCE to 1000 CE

The Druid Spiral is a visual marker for Druid civilization because it represents the concept that deities are coalescences of spiritual powers which optionally may be personified. This "coalescence of power" concept as a wheel or spiral found its way into the early Hindu Vedas as the chakra concept. These spirals are not to be confused with concentric circles which represent the moon, specifically, the motion/wind powers of the full moon god Su.

Ireland ___________________________________________________

(September 7, 2023) The Druid Ancient Pagan Paradigm in stone. This is the entrance stone (labeled as K1) to the Newgrange mound tomb in Ireland dating to 3100 BCE. To the right are the life powers while the triple-spiral (triskelion) on the left represent the magical motion powers. These vortices are emerging out of a background of spatially connected spiritual powers (network, fabric). The life powers consist of 3 layers of paired masculine and feminine deities. The layers are source powers, connective powers, and manifestation powers. Photo from https://www.newgrange.com/kerbstone-k1.htm

Triskelion at Winter Solstice cave at Newgrange in Ireland

Top image shows a 12 inch diameter triskelion symbol inside the cave like Newgrange, Ireland tomb chamber which lights up on the morning of the winter solstice when the sun aligns with its doorway. This triskelion represents the three motion powers sourced by the night sky to complement the life powers represented by the sun. A single vortex represents a consolidated set of spiritual powers, that is, a perceptheistic deity.
The triskelion is only found in Ireland.
(Top Image from https://www.newgrange.com/tri-spiral.htm)

Triskelion from New Grange, Ireland (3100 BCE)

(July 3, 2022) The spirals at Newgrange are the most well-known spiral collection. The big three Neolithic farming areas in the British Isles around 3100 BCE were the Orkney Islands in the north, the Boyne Valley in Ireland, and the Salisbury Plain in England. These three became centers because they were mostly treeless and thus did not have to be cleared with stone axes. They were closely interconnected culturally with ideas spreading from one to another.

Two Triskelion stones are located at the Newgrange mound tomb located in Ireland north of Dublin near the Boyne river in Ireland. The mound is 85m (279ft) in diameter and 13m (43ft) high having an area of about 1 acre.

The Newgrange tomb chamber is aligned with the rising sun on the mornings of the Winter Solstice so at that time it is filled with light.

Newgrange is surrounded by 97 large stones called kerbstones some of which are engraved with megalithic art. These originally seem to been vertical and part of a henge at this sight. One of these is a large stone placed at the entrance.

https://www.newgrange.com

Life Network on Lower Left of Kerbstone 52 at Newgrange

Life Network, Spirals, and Wombs on Kerbstone 52 at Newgrange

(September 7, 2023) This kerbstone faces the sun solstice directions. The left side consists of the three life layers of the Ancient Pagan Paradigm emerging out of a network.
The right side (original bottom) consists of eggs having 3 inner dots which probably represent the 3 life layers of the Ancient Pagan Paradigm. Surrounding them are womb symbols.
https://www.newgrange.com/newgrange-k52.htm

Life Network on Left of Kerbstone 67 at Newgrange

This kerbstone faces north and shows a masculine/feminine spiral pair of life deities emerging out of the life network.
https://www.newgrange.com/images.htm

Newgrange Ireland Site Plan

This drawing shows the outer henge stones which were left undisturbed when the mound was built
https://www.newgrange.com/images.htm

Newgrage Mound Map

Newgrage mound map showing network kerbstones 52 and 67 relative to tomb tunnel and cardinal direction. These network stones were placed in the most important positions.
http://www.carrowkeel.com/sites/boyne/newkerbstones.html

Kerbstones at Newgrange Mound

Kerbstones after restoration of mound walls. Originally these stones were upright henge stones at the site before being laid sideways around the tomb mound.
http://www.carrowkeel.com/sites/boyne/newkerbstones.html

Knowth Ritual Macehead (Scepter) from Boyne Valley Ireland

Knowth Ritual Macehead (Scepter) Boyne Valley Ireland 2800 BCE

This polished flint macehead was found on September 1, 1982 in the eastern tomb at Knowth in the Boyne river valley. It was found near the door to the right room under a large shale floor tile. The central main mound in which it was found was dated by carbon 14 to be about 2800 BCE. The smaller eastern mound is assumed to be of a slightly later date of around 3000 BCE.
Image from British Museum presentation by Alison Sheridan entitled "Exploring the Wider World of Stonehenge: Long Distance Connections and Movements" at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DjJZUWTts3M&t=4323sat 1:03:14.

Knowth Ritual Macehead Having Vortices Over Network from Ireland

Drawing of Knowth Ritual Macehead Showing Vortices Over Network

Drawing of all sides of the Knowth macehead shown on the right. Here spirals were set over a network.
Drawing from George Eogan and Hilary Richardson (1982) Two Maceheads from Knowth, County Meath. The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of IrelandVol. 112, pp. 123-138. Online at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/25508823?read-now=1&refreqid=excelsior%3A9020311826a7a4eff0b590f2baffd960&seq=1

A Network Only Ritual Macehead

Drawing from George Eogan and Hilary Richardson (1982) Two Maceheads from Knowth, County Meath. The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Vol. 112, pp. 123-138. Online at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/25508823?read-now=1&refreqid=excelsior%3A9020311826a7a4eff0b590f2baffd960&seq=1

England and Scotland ___________________________________________

Paired horned spirals/vortices from Orkney Islands

Paired (Horned) Spirals from Orkney

This fragment of a larger stone image shows some paired spirals curling up in the same direction. These are called horned spirals. This pairing represents the pairing of masculine and feminine life powers in the Ancient Pagan Paradigm. Some of these are shown in oval eggs.
Image from British Museum presentation by Alison Sheridan entitled "Exploring the Wider World of Stonehenge: Long Distance Connections and Movements" at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DjJZUWTts3M&t=4323sat 55:08 minutes

Spirals/Vortices on Garboldisham Ritual Macehead from England

Drawing of Garboldisham Ritual Macehead (Scepter) from East England 2500 BCE

This ritual macehead is carved from red deer antler. It was found in the 1960s deposited in a tributary of the river Little Ouse, Norfolk and is decorated with three spirals. It dates to 2500 BCE.
(Image from Andrew Meirion Jones, Marta Diaz-Guardamino (2017) The Garboldisham macehead: its manufacture, date, archaeological context and significance. Online at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321430456_The_Garboldisham_macehead_its_manufacture_date_archaeological_context_and_significance

Druid Spirals at Achnabreck, Kilmartin Glen West Scotland

The solstices lines up with the line in the center. The line angled to the left which intersects the paired spirals probably aligns with the equinoxes. The date their construction is uncertain.
Slide from British Museum presentation by Alison Sheridan entitled "Exploring the Wider World of Stonehenge: Long Distance Connections and Movements" at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DjJZUWTts3M&t=4323s

Towie Ball - Scotland 3000 BCE

Dating to 3000 BCE it is made of a black, fine-grained stone, it has an average diameter of 73mm and weighs just over 500g. It has four discs or knobs, of which three are intricately carved and the fourth is blank.
Picture from National Museum of Scotland. Online at:https://www.nms.ac.uk/explore-our-collections/stories/scottish-history-and-archaeology/towie-ball/

Two Layers of Spiral Pairs on Towie Ball

More than 430 examples of similar objects are known, with the overwhelming majority being found in Aberdeenshire, where the Towie ball was found. The Towie ball is, however, the finest example.
Picture from National Museum of Scotland. Online at:https://www.nms.ac.uk/explore-our-collections/stories/scottish-history-and-archaeology/towie-ball/

Triple Spiral? (Triskelion) on Towie Ball

This ball has four nobs but the bottom one is blank and is meant to be a base.
Picture from National Museum of Scotland. Online at:https://www.nms.ac.uk/explore-our-collections/stories/scottish-history-and-archaeology/towie-ball/

Pictish Druid Spirals As Life Tree 800 CE

Yellow/grey sandstone sculpted in relief one side. From Rosmarkie, Scotland. Wikimedia Commons online at: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pictish_Stone_fragment_-_Rosemarkie.jpg

Balkans __________________________________________________

Cucuteni–Trypillia Culture: First Area Settled by Neolithic Famers to Fall to Indo-European Invaders (5500-3500 BCE)

Cucuteni–Trypillia culture grew wheat, rye and peas. Tools included ploughs made of antler, stone, bone and sharpened sticks. The harvest was collected with scythes made of flint-inlaid blades. The grain was milled into flour by quern-stones. Women were involved in pottery, textile- and garment-making, and played a leading role in community life. Men hunted, herded the livestock, made tools from flint, bone and stone. Of their livestock, cattle were the most important, with swine, sheep and goats playing lesser roles.
During its middle phase (c. 4000 to 3500 BCE), populations belonging to the Cucuteni–Trypillia culture built the largest settlements in Neolithic Europe, some of which contained as many as three thousand structures and were possibly inhabited by 20,000 to 46,000 people

Cucuteni–Trypillia Goddess with Network Lines and Spirals, Romania (5500-3500 BCE)

Either the connective motion Druid goddess Selu/Selene who has upraised arms or the life goddess Ayu who edits the life network. This figurine has double pathed druid spirals emerging out of a life network background.
Photo by Marius Amarie from Archaeology Magazine. Online at: https://www.archaeology.org/issues/107-1311/features/tattoos

Cucuteni–Trypillia Pot with Spirals, Romania (4000 BCE)

Image from Wikimedia Commons at: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cucuteni1.jpg
Originally in: The Lost World of Old Europe: The Danube Valley, 5000-3500 BC edited by by David W. Anthony and Jennifer Y. Chi, Princeton University Press

Druid Spiral As Spirit Assembly in Womb, Romania 4600–3900 BC

Animals and humans are a combination of biological life and conscious spirit. This ritual bowl connects to the way human spirits are formed from simpler conscious fragements. It is from Gumelnița culture which once existed around Sultana, Romania and dates to between 4600 and 3900 BCE. Photo from Radio Romania website.Online at: https://www.romania-actualitati.ro/documentare/scrierea-samanica-iii-spirala-id52005.html

Cucuteni-Trypillia Culture | Ancient European Civilization by Dan Davis

Druid Spiral on Sesklo Culture Pottery, Serbia (4000 BCE)

The first stop of the Neolithic farmers out of Anatolia was the Balkans which soon developed the Vinca, Cucuteni–Trypillia, and Sesklo cultures. Combined these cultures and their descendants are called Old Europe. They were the first ones to make copper tools and ornaments. This pot is dated to 4050–3850 BCE. It is now at the Botoşani County Museum, Botoşani, Romania. Photo: Marius Amarie

Druid Spirals on Eagle-Vulture/Griffon Head from Olympia, Greece (700 BCE)

Eagle-vultures trimmed the threads from the life network under the authority of the Druid goddess Ayu.
Photo from display at the Archaeological Museum of Olympia in Greece by Jean Housen via Wikimedia Commons at https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:20190507_084_olympia_museum.jpg

Druid Spiral from Middle Bronze Age, Seytomer Hoyuk in Turkey (1600 BCE)

This small object shows the horned spiral pattern like that seen in the Orkney Islands off northern Scotland. It is positioned within an oval egg.

Reference

Bilgen, Nejat (2019) THE MIDDLE BRONZE AGE LAYER SEYİTÖMER HÖYÜK-THE WEST END OF THE PHRYGIAN REGİON. Online at: https://www.academia.edu/41581059/THE_MIDDLE_BRONZE_AGE_LAYER_SEY%C4%B0T%C3%96MER_H%C3%96Y%C3%9CK_THE_WEST_END_OF_THE_PHRYGIAN_REG%C4%B0ON

Macedon Mosaic

This is an incredible mosaic from the Aigai palace of King Phillip II of Macedon (359-336 BCE, Alexander the Great's father) which artistically shows the three layers of the Ancient Pagan Paradigm. In the center is the earth with atmosphere. Surrounding it is the life network shown as a vine with its Druidic deity spirals. Around that is the sky-shell with the source deities their spirals in the corners. Built by Philip II (c. 359-336 BCE)

Photo is enhanced version of https://www.greecehighdefinition.com/blog/2019/3/15/palace-of-aigai-the-royal-capital-of-macedonia-is-being-rebuilt

Mediterranean _______________________________________________

Druid Spirals on Malta Taken from Various Tombs (3600-2500 BCE)

Druid Spirals on Platforms in Malta Museum 3600-2500 BCE

This photo was taken in the Tarxien Hall at the National Museum of Malta. Online at: https://heritagemalta.mt/explore/national-museum-of-archaeology/

Faint Spirals on Domus de Janas Tomb Walls in Sardinia 3400-2700 BCE

Photo from Sardinian Blog by Alexandra and Jurgen at https://www.sardinien.blog/2017/domus-de-janas-montessu/

4-Layered Spirals on a Bull Platform at Domus de Janas Sardinia 3400-2700 BCE

Tomb is called Domus de Janas and it was constructed between 3400 and 2700 BCE. The Druid spirals are organized into 2 columns in 4 layers instead of the normal 3 of the Ancient Pagan Paradigm but the lower 3 are connected by smaller spirals. The top spiral layer is isolated and thus must represent some eternal divine space not involved with earth. Bulls represented the rain bringing chaotic storm powers and was the cloud hidden form of the sun. "Domas" means "roundhouse" in Indo-European.
Photo by Nicola Costangia via https://twitter.com/serbiaireland/status/1553386194704146433/photo/1

Druid Spirals, Buggiba Temple Complex, Malta

From site Ancient Wisdom made by Alex Whitaker and now (after 2017?) maintained by owners Scott & Elaine Jones.
Online at: http://www.ancient-wisdom.com/complexes.htm

Druid Spirals, Tarxien Temple Complex, Malta

From site Ancient Wisdom made by Alex Whitaker and and now (after 2017?) maintained by owners Scott & Elaine Jones.
Online at: http://www.ancient-wisdom.com/complexes.htm

Druid Spirals on Child's Gold Tiara from Cyprus 1350 BCE

This was found in a recent excavation of two unspoiled tombs near the Bronze Age city of Hala Sultan Tekke in Cyprus. The finds include over 150 human skeletons and close to 500 objects including gold jewelry, gemstones and ceramics.
Image from University of Gothenburg in Sweden at: https://www.gu.se/en/news/gold-jewellery-from-the-time-of-nefertiti-found-in-bronze-age-tombs-in-cyprus

Druid Spirals As Waves On Ritual Trivet CA 2991 from Aegean Cycladic Islands 2700-2400 BCE

Trivets keep hot items away from wooden or cloth surfaces. At the center of this trivet is the sun (triangular rays) which is radiating its life powers outward onto the land. Below the land, Druid spirals are arranged in a wave pattern indicating they represent the life power of underground water manifested as springs and rivers.
These trivets would have been used in fertility rituals to keep that water flowing. The Cycladic island of Delos became a major trade hub because it had easily accessibly to underground water. While not every trivet had spirals they all have a sun at their center.
Photo from Louvre CA 2991. Online at: https://collections.louvre.fr/ark:/53355/cl010260697

Druid Spirals As Waves On Ritual Trivet CA 2991 from Aegean Cycladic Islands 2700-2400 BCE

Trivets keep hot items away from wooden platforms. In this case it probably kept footed incense burners away from the surface of a wooden table or even a cloth draped platform.
This side view shows that trivet typically had a dome shape so it had to be used to support legged objects.
The early archaeologists who discovered these called them "frying pans" and that is the name they continue to go by today.
Photo from Louvre CA 2991. Online at: https://collections.louvre.fr/ark:/53355/cl010260697

Druid Spirals As Waves On Carthage Child Gravestone (170 BCE)

This is a child gravestone on display at the Carthage National Museum. Image shows the full moon god Su/Selene under the skydome over a boat in a storm. (Text Med 27)
Photo by Pascal Radigue via Wikimedia commons online at: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:St%C3%A8le_navire_MN_carthage.jpg

Druid Spirals on a Mycenean Grave Stele 1550 BCE

Found in Grave Circle A, Mycenae, 16th century BCE. Now at the National Archaeological Museum, Athens> Photo by Mark Cartwright at: https://www.worldhistory.org/image/3825/mycenaean-grave-stele/

Druid Spirals on Ritual Trivet from Marathon, Greece (3000 BCE)

At the center of this trivet is the sun which is radiating its life powers outward and downward onto the land. The sun is indicated by its triangular rays. Below the land are Druid spirals are arranged in a wave pattern indicating they represent the life power of underground water which produce springs and rivers. These trivets would have been used in fertility rituals to keep that water flowing. Fresh water on these Aegean islands mostly came from springs and wells. The Cycladic island of Delos became a major trade hub because it had easily accessibly to underground water. While not every trivet had spirals they all have a sun at their center.
On display at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens. This trivet is from the Early Bronze Age cemetery on the promontory of Agios Kosmas just south of Athens.
A trivet protects wooden alter tops from hot items such as incense burners. The early archaeologists who discovered these called them "frying pans" and that is the name they continue to go by today. Photo by Schuppi via Wikimedia Commons. Online at: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Agios_Kosmas_%28Attica%29_Finds_10.JPG

Druid Spirals or Circles on Trivet from Marathon, Greece (3000 BCE)

At the center of this trivet is the sun which is radiating its life powers outward and downward onto the land. Below the land are Druid spirals are arranged in a wave pattern indicating they represent the life power of underground water which produce springs and rivers. These trivets would have been used in fertility rituals to keep that water flowing. Fresh water on these Aegean islands mostly came from springs and wells. The Cycladic island of Delos became a major trade hub because it had easily accessibly to underground water. While not every trivet had spirals they all have a sun at their center.
On display at the Archaeological Museum of Marathon. Trivet is from tomb 13 of the archaeological site of Tsepi near Marathon Greece northwest of Athens.
A trivet protects wooden alter tops from hot items such as incense burners. The early archaeologists who discovered these called them "frying pans" and that is the name they continue to go by today. Photo by Dan Diffendale. Online at: https://www.flickr.com/photos/dandiffendale/8238325426/in/photostream/

Minoan Larnax (Side 1) Showing Druid Spirals On End 1600 BCE

(June 7, 2023) The clay larnax was the standard type of coffin in Crete. The end shows 8 Druid spirals on either side of what appears to be a tree. The side shows two images whose meanings are unknown. From Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, Accession Number: 1996.521a, b. Online at https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/256844

Same Minoan Larnax (Side 2) Showing Fish Scales/Feathers On Other Side 1600 BCE

The recessed panels on each side suggests a wooden prototype, and recent scholarship has identified Egyptian chests as the probable models. The top lid is bent due to being over heated in a kiln. The fish scales/feathers are symbols for motion/wind powers. From Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, Accession Number: 1996.521a, b. Online at https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/256844

Pottery with spirals/vortices from Sardinia

Spiral Decorated Pottery from Sardinia (3200-2800 BCE)

Now at the National Archaeological Museum, Siena, Italy. Museum Website at: https://www.santamariadellascala.com/
Photo from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozieri_culture#/media/File:Neolitico,_cultura_di_ozieri,_ceramica_dalla_grotta_di_s.michele_(ozieri),_3500-2700_ac_ca..JPG

Three Layers of the Ancient Pagan Paradigm Represented by Three Druid Vortices (1800 BCE)

This lintel is on display at the Minoan Heraklion Museum in Crete. It shows the three vortex layers of the Ancient Pagan Paradigm going through the sky shell. (Olmsted personal photo 2019)

Druid Spiral Bowl - Sardinia (4100 BCE)

(August 27, 2023) From Mogoro, Sardinia. Now at National Archaeological Museum Cagliari in Sardinia (Jar R20S09-169, Inventory number: 36389).
Photo by Angel M. Felicisimo at: https://www.flickr.com/photos/elgolem/52319239848/in/album-72177720301656170/

Phaistos disk from Minoan Crete is a spiral/vortex

First European Writing: Minoan Phaistos Disk (1900 BCE)

The Minoan Phaistos Disk dates to 1900 BCE. It is now on display in the Heraklion Archaeological Museum in Crete. It is a philosophical debate about the cause of a drought. It's language is Akkadian. (Olmsted personal photo 2019)

Etruscan Magliano Disk (450 BCE)

This lead disk now at the Florence Archaeological Museum. It is not yet translated.Photo copied from: Badisches Landesmuseum Karlsruhe: Die Etrusker. Karl Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 2017, S. 295. Access via: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bleiplatte_von_Magliano.jpg

Ritual Bowl from Minoan Crete Has Spiral Like Newgrange Kerbstone 67

Minoan Crete Ritual Bowl (1800 BCE)

Masculine/Feminine paired Druid spirals are shown on the side. Bottom sign is Phaistos Disk phonem /Mi/ which in Akkadian means "fertility-fluid-power" (the sign represents an irrigation system). The tube indicates some fluid was poured into the side for filling bowl from bottom center. It was found in earthquake rubble below a 9-room building in the coastal Cretan town of Malia. Identification number is F4718. After this earthquake is when Minoan Linear A began widespread. It is now displayed at the Minoan Heraklion museum in Crete.
Image from: Baldicci, Giorgia (2017) Low Relief Potter’s Marks and the Phaistos Disk, A Note on the Comb Sign. In Annvario (vol. 95) Scuola Archeaologica Italiana di Attene

Scandinavia ____________________________________________

Druid spiral from Norway (~300 BCE)

Stone carving near Ausevik, Flora municipality, Sogn og Fjordane, Norway. Photo from: https://www.arild-hauge.com/helleristngbild.htm

Gold Medallion from Vindelev Viking hoard in Denmark Shows Spirals and Letters (550 CE)

These Druid spirals come from pre-Viking age Denmark. Significantly, this also has runes. Now on display at Denmark's Vejlemuseerne at: https://www-vejlemuseerne-dk.translate.goog/viden-og-forskning/artikler/kaempe-guldskat-fundet-naer-jelling/?_x_tr_sl=da&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc

Druid Spiral From Denmark

On display in the National Museum of Denmark in Copenhagen. Photo from: https://www.arild-hauge.com/helleristningbild-dk.htm

Pre-Viking Sword With Druid Spirals and Runes, Norway 50 CE

(November 26, 2023) This is dated based upon its rune style which is most like early Pontic with influences from the squared letter style of the Romans. This was made soon after Roman trade with Norway opened up after the Romans conquered Gaul. One of many swords with such spirals.

Online at Norwegian Unified Museum: https://www.unimus.no/portal/#/things/4f9d5d1a-b8ed-40a9-b4b1-ce288ae087d4

Translation in Akkadian (Rune Text 29.1)

(read from center outward. Capital letters on object. Small letters are inferred Inner vowels. Verbs are italic bold)

MuTu (Rune 29.1.1)
MuTu (Rune 29.1.2)

(Dual use letters are E/H, I/Y, U/W, and '/A in which vowel appears at beginning of words except for Yahu which is keeping its traditional Hebrew transliteration)

In English

Killer
Killer

Pre-Viking Sword With Druid Spirals and Runes, Norway 50 CE

Online at Norwegian Unified Museum: https://www.unimus.no/portal/#/things/4f9d5d1a-b8ed-40a9-b4b1-ce288ae087d4

Translation in Akkadian (Rune Text 29.2)

(read from center outward. Capital letters on object. Small letters are inferred Inner vowels. Verbs are italic bold)

Ru Nu E (Rune 29.2.1)
A Tu E (Rune 29.2.2)
Tu Ku Zu (Rune 29.2.3)

(Dual use letters are E/H, I/Y, U/W, and '/A in which vowel appears at beginning of words except for Yahu which is keeping its traditional Hebrew transliteration)

In English

Eagle-Vultures are revealing nothing
Those astrology-powers are nothing
Astrology-powers are involved with emanations

Druid Spirals Mixed In With Life Network - The Mammen Axe Head 950 CE Denmark

Mammen Axe Head 950 CE

(March 28, 2024) One of the most magnificent finds from the Viking Age is one of the axes from the grave at Mammen near the city of Viborg, Denmark. It is made of iron with silver inlay and is decorated in the Mammen style, named after this particular find. The style arose in the 900s and it survived until around 1000.

Drawing of Both Sides

(March 28, 2024) The top drawing shows a rooster snaking through the life network. According to Pre-Viking age Druid texts, the bird which edited the life network was an eagle-vulture. This images seems to suggest that the Viking culture changed this bird to a rooster for reasons presently unknown.
Drawing from: https://en.natmus.dk/historical-knowledge/denmark/prehistoric-period-until-1050-ad/the-viking-age/the-grave-from-mammen/an-axe-with-double-meaning/

Photo of Both Sides

(March 28, 2024) In 1868 a farmer began to dig into the mound Bjerringhøj at Mammen near Viborg. During this work he chanced upon an unusually richly-furnished grave, which has become known as the grave from Mammen. A magnate was buried in the grave during the winter of 970-71 AD. He was given an expensive costume, a ceremonial axe with inlaid silver decoration and a large wax candle.
This axehead is now on display at the National Museum of Denmark. https://en.natmus.dk/historical-knowledge/denmark/prehistoric-period-until-1050-ad/the-viking-age/the-grave-from-mammen/

Vallstenarum Stone, Sweden 500 CE

A grouping of 4 Druid spirals. These spirals seem to have lost their meaning and are just being used as decorative elements. The spirals are grouped with other designs and with dragons above and spearmen below. Now at the Historical Museum in Bildsten, Sweden.
Photo by Ola Myrin. Found at Vallstena parish, Gotland municipality, Sweden. Online at: https://samlingar.shm.se/object/9F1A33A3-5929-48A1-996B-C6748C2886C9

France (Celtic Gaul) ~100-50 BCE ___________________________________________

Coriosolite Silver Stater Coin From Celtic Gaul ~100-50 BCE

Notice how the Druid spirals are incorporated into the hair curls. Same coin type is shown on the right but its image is slightly different indicating these images were stamped from different dies. This image is taken from YouTube video on right.

YouTube Video Describing Coriosolite Coin

The Coriosolites were a tribe centered on Cotes-D'Armor in Brittany, France. Thousands of Coriosolite coins ended up in Hengistbury in England via the island of Jersey. The majority of these that exist today have been found in large hoards on Jersey,

Coriosolites Silver Stater Coin From Celtic Gaul ~100-50 BCE

Size is 19 mm in diameters. It weighs 6.38 grams. Image from Silbury Coins at: https://www.silburycoins.co.uk/product/gaul-northwest-coriosolites-circa-100-50bc-base-silver-stater/

Coriosolite Silver Stater Coin From Celtic Gaul ~100-50 BCE

Size: 21.6 x 23.0 mm. Weight: 6.54 grams. Photo from Calgary Coin: https://www.vcoins.com/en/stores/calgary_coin/27/product/armorican_coriosolite_ca56_bc_billon_stater/661232/Default.aspx